J.A.I.L. News 
Journal
____________________________________________________
Los 
Angeles, 
California                                       
   October 13, 2001  
A New Twist Against 
Judges
 
 
Convicted Killer Wins 
Appeal Over Judge's Drug Use
 
Los Angeles Times    
October 13, 2001  pg. A18
by Henry Weinstein, 
Times Legal Affairs Writer
 
A man who has spent nearly 20 years on death row in 
Arizona is entitled to have his sentence reconsidered because the judge who 
imposed it was addicted to marijuana at the time, a sharply divided federal 
appeals court ruled Friday.
 
"The experts tell us that we can tolerate a certain 
number of insignificant parts of arsenic in our drinking water and a certain 
irreducible number of insect parts in our edible grain supplies," U.S. 9th 
Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Stephen S. Trott wrote in the 2-to-1 decision. 
"But we need not, and we should not, similarly tolerate a single drug-addicted 
jurist whose judgment is impaired, especially in a case involving life-and-death 
decisions.
 
"If it is against the law to drive a vehicle under the 
influence of marijuana, surely it must be at least equally offensive to allow a 
judge in a similar condition to preside over a capital trial," added Trott, a 
former prosecutor who was appointed by President Reagan.
Judge Alex Kozinski issued a sharp dissent, maintaining 
that his colleagues had taken "a giant leap into the unknown by ordering 
discovery and a hearing on whether Judge [Philip] Marquardt's marijuana 
addiction affected his rulings."
...
In Arizona, a state trial judge has the sole power to 
determine whether a defendant convicted of first-degree murder receives a death 
sentence. That differs from most states where jurors are asked to make a 
recommendation.
...
The Arizona attorney's general's office conceded that 
Marquardt's use of the drug was in full bloom at the time of the trial....
 
Marquardt's marijuana problem emerged several 
years after the trial. In 1991, he pleaded guilty to a felony involving a 
conspiracy to possess marijuana and "admitted to suffering from an addiction to 
the drug," Trott wrote. This was Marquardt's second conviction involving the use 
of marijuana.
...
...
"The majority's opinion will open the floodgates to 
similar claims by --quite literally-- tens of thousands of state and federal 
prisoners within this circuit," Kozinski wrote.
...
...
Trott, joined by Circuit Judge Sidney R. Thomas, 
scoffed at Kozinski's prediction of dire consequences. "We seriously doubt the 
inflated assertion that thousands of state and federal judges will somehow fall 
within the ultra violet rays cast by our holding," Trott wrote.
 
On the other hand, "if Judge Kozinski's speculation 
about the vulnerable state of the judiciary should surprisingly turn out to be 
correct and that our benches are indeed occupied by judges against whom similar 
cases involving illegal drug usage and addiction can be made, this would seem to 
be an argument in favor of an inquiry, not a reason to look the other way," 
Trott wrote.
...
Northwestern law professor Steven Lubet, an expert on 
judicial behavior, said Trott's reasoning seemed unassailable but added that he 
understood Kozinski's concerns about a large number of investigations based on 
similar claims. "This case exposes the raw intersection of judicial decision 
making and administrative imperatives," Lubet said.
 
*   *   *
Judge Steve Trott and I have known each other on 
a friendly basis for the past twenty years. Every time one of my cases came 
before Trott in the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, Trott made known his 
knowledge of me to the other side and excused himself from the case. 
 
Prior to his appointment to U.S. Attorney by 
President Ronald Reagan for the County of Los Angeles and six other 
California Counties, and then to the Ninth Circuit, Trott and I sat down and had 
a serious discussion on Constitutional issues and intents of our Founding 
Fathers.  I was at the right place at the right 
time.- Ron Branson
 
Given the absurdity of Mr. Kozinski's argument here, as brought forth by
Mr. Trott in his argument in the same ruling no less, isn't it funny how
Mr. Kozinski later tried to bolster his public appearance by currying favor
from the demonstrators during the demonstration in front of the 9th Circuit
courthouse in Pasadena, CA on May 3rd, 2002?
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